Citrus reticulata Blanco plant named ‘Tamdori’

ABSTRACT

A new and distinct  Citrus reticulate  Blanco plant named ‘Tamdori’, characterized by its upright plant type and strong vigor, fertile but self-incompatibility pollen, orange fruit color, germination stage in middle of April, blooming state in late May, fruits start coloring in late October and finish coloring in late December, mature stage in middle of February, fruit weight at about 168.9 g, fruit skin thickness at about 2.3 mm and easy to peel, fruit flesh rate at about 79.9%.

Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: Citrus reticulata Blanco.

Variety denomination: ‘Tamdori’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The new and distinct cultivar is a product of a breeding program by the inventors by crossing a Japanese variety ‘Kiyomi’ (not patented) and an American variety ‘Fortune’ mandarin (as the pollen parent, not patented) in 2005. The seeds obtained by the cross were sowed in a greenhouse in the spring of 2006. The seedlings germinated from the seeds were upper-position grafted onto ‘satsuma’ mandarin in the spring of 2007. The plants started fruiting in 2011. In the same year, the first screening was carried out, and the one called ‘Jegamna-40’ was selected for good quality. In the last screening which carried out in 2013, ‘Jegamna-40’ was finally selected as the new variety and named ‘Tamdori’.

After hybridization of the parents, the variety was asexually propagated by grafting onto ‘Satsuma’ root stock in Jeju-do, Korea for three generations and there was no genetic variation. The observed plant retains its distinctive characteristics and reproduces true to type in successive generations. Therefore, its traits are stable. The rootstock of ‘Satsuma’ is the tangerine tree, and tangerine has no patent status.

The fruit characteristics of ‘Tamdori’ are in the table below. The test carried out from 2011 to 2013.

TABLE 1 Fruit Characteristics Survey Fruit Fruit Thickness date weight Flesh shape of the skin (yy.mm.dd) (g) rate (%) index (mm) 11.02.07 130.3 84.9 123 1.5 11.02.21 154.3 82.7 121 2.0 11.03.08 186.5 74.7 121 3.1 11.03.29 158.6 79.5 114 3.0 12.01.05 124.0 87.0 139 1.2 12.01.20 144.0 85.7 135 1.6 12.02.06 147.4 84.8 145 1.7 12.02.20 135.2 84.0 128 1.5 13.01.22 175.3 84.6 116 2.1 13.02.12 168.9 79.9 108 2.3 13.02.25 170.1 79.5 114 2.4 Survey Seed date grain Sugar Acidity Sugar (yy.mm.dd) number (°Bx) (%) acid ratio 11.02.07 0.0 14.4 1.34 10.71 11.02.21 6.8 14.9 1.04 15.24 11.03.08 3.6 14.9 0.87 17.74 11.03.29 1.5 16.1 0.78 20.85 12.01.05 5.0 13.1 1.14 11.55 12.01.20 0.8 13.9 0.99 14.31 12.02.06 3.8 13.5 0.81 16.64 12.02.20 8.8 15.1 0.65 23.13 13.01.22 11.8 13.9 1.19 11.68 13.02.12 10.8 14.6 1.17 12.46 13.02.25 13.8 14.9 0.83 18.09 Fruit shape index = The transverse diameter ÷ The longitudinal diameter × 100

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The cultivar ‘Tamdori’ has not been observed under every possible environmental conditions. Therefore, the may be variations in the phenotype due to varying environmental conditions such as temperature, day length and light intensity. However, the genotype will not vary.

The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be the characteristics of the new cultivar of Citrus reticulata Blanco. These attributes in combination distinguish ‘Tamdori’ as unique from and all other varieties of Citrus reticulata Blanco known to Inventors.

-   -   1. The plant type of ‘Tamdori’ is upright and the tree vigor is         strong.     -   2. ‘Tamdori’ has fertile pollen but it is self-incompatibility.     -   3. The fruit color is orange.     -   4. Germination stage of ‘Tamdori’ is in the middle of April, and         the blooming stage is in late May.     -   5. Fruits start coloring in late October and finish coloring in         late December.     -   6. The mature stage is in the middle of February.     -   7. Fruit weight is about 168.9 g.     -   8. Fruit skin thickness is about 2.3 mm so it is easy to peel.     -   9. The fruit flesh rate is about 79.9%.     -   10. ‘Tandori’ is self-compatible, but when fertilized by other         variety, several seeds can be gained.     -   11. Sugar of fruit juice is about 14.6 ° Bx, and the sugar acid         ratio is about 12.46.     -   12. ‘Tamdori’ has small leaf, the leaf area is about 27.9 cm².         The leaf length is about 9.9 cm, and the leaf width is about 4.3         cm.     -   13. The length of leaf petiole is about 19.2 mm and the         thickness is about 1.0 mm.

Plants of the new cultivar ‘Tamdori’ are similar to plants of the seed parent ‘Kiyomi’ in most horticultural characteristics, however, the plants of the new cultivar ‘Tamdori’ produce fruit that are less acidic than the parent. Compared to the parent, ‘Tamdori’ produces fruit with skin thickness of 2.3 mm. Fruit of ‘Tamdori’ has a considerable number of seeds.

The new cultivar differs from the closest comparable plants as follows:

TABLE 2 Comparison With Closest Variety Characteristic The expression of Denomination in which the the characteristic of similar similar variety is Similar Candidate variety different variety variety Kiyomi Plant: type medium upright Plant: tree vigor medium strong Flower: the pollen no pollen May have fertile pollen Fruit: weight 291.6 g 168.9 g Fruit: flesh rate 72.6% 79.9% Fruit: skin thickness 4.6 mm 2.3 mm Fruit: number of seeds 0.0 10.8 Fruit juice: Sugar 11.0 14.6 (°Bx) Fruit: sugar acid ratio 9.43 12.46 Fruit: color yellowish orange medium orange Leaf: leaf area about 72.8 cm² about 27.9 cm² Leaf: leaf length 15.5 cm 9.9 cm Leaf: leaf width 6.9 cm 4.3 cm Leaf petiole: length 23.1 mm 19.2 mm Leaf petiole: thickness 1.7 mm 1.0 mm Mature stage early (in the very early (in middle of the middle of March) February)

TABLE 3 Comparison between ‘Tamdori’ and ‘Fortune’ Describe the Characteristic(s) in which Describe the expression expression of the your candidate variety of the characteristic(s) characteristic(s) differs from the for your candidate variety for the similar similar variety(ies) ‘Tamdori’ variety ‘Fortune’ Plant: Type upright spreading Flower: activity pollen absent present Leaf: leaf area 27.9 cm2 25.0 cm2 Flower: length 15.2 15.3 mm Flower: width 6.1 6.2 mm Fruit: length 65.6 mm 49.4 mm Fruit: width 70.7 mm 61.9 mm Fruit juice: total 14.6 13.6 soluble solids Fruit juice: acid 1.17 2.1 Fruit: number of 5.6 12.5 seeds Mature stage Mid-late(mid-February) Late(mid-March) Parthenocarpy present absent Plant Self present absent Incompatibility Tree vigor strong middle

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying colored photographs illustrate the overall appearance and distinct characteristics of the new Citrus reticulata Blanco ‘Tamdori’ showing colors as true as is reasonably possible with colored reproduction of this type. These photos were taken in 2013 in Korea. Colors in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description which accurately describes the color of the ‘Tamdori’.

FIG. 1 provides multiple views of typical fruits harvested from ‘Tamdori’ of a four years old tree. Top, bottom and side views of the whole, unpeeled fruit is shown as well as two cross-sectional views of the inside of the fruit.

FIG. 2 illustrates in full color typical foliage and fruits of ‘Tamdori’ on a four years old tree.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The following is a detailed description of the new cultivar ‘Tamdori’ plants as grown in Korea. The descriptors were taken between 2011 and 2013.

The chart used in the identification of colors described herein is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The Royal Horticultural Society, 2007, Fifth edition, except where general color terms of ordinary significance are used.

TABLE 4 Color of ‘Tamdori’ and ‘Kiyomi’ Tamdori Kiyomi COLOR COLOR Fruit: surface color medium RHS orange yellowish RHS orange 30D orange orange 26B Fruit: flesh color Light RHS orange orange 24A leaf: upper surface color Green RHS green of young leaves 137A leaf: lower surface color Green RHS green of young leaves 138A Leaf: upper surface color Green RHS green of mature leaves 137A Leaf: lower surface color Green RHS green of mature leaves 137A Stem: bark color Yellow- RHS yellow- green green 148A Flower: anther color Light RHS Yellow- yellow Orange 15C Flower: color of opened White RHS NN 155 flower White C Petal: upper surface White RHS NN 155 color White C Petal: lower surface White RHS NN 155 color White C Seed: seed color No Seed

-   Botanical classification: Citrus reticulata Blanco ‘Tamdori’. -   Propagation: ‘Tamdori’ is typically grafted onto rootstock of     ‘Satsuma’ mandarin. -   Plant:     -   -   Age of the plant described.—Approximately six years.         -   Chromosome multiples.—2.         -   Plant posture.—Upright.         -   Plant density of spines.—None or sparse.         -   Height.—2 m.         -   Width.—1.6 m.         -   Shape.—Upright.         -   Root system.—Taproot. -   Foliage:     -   -   Leaf color.—Green.         -   Leaf area.—27.9 cm².         -   Leaf length.—9.9 cm.         -   Leaf width.—4.3 cm.         -   Shape in cross section.—Intermediate.         -   Blistering.—Absent.         -   Undulation of margin.—Week.         -   Incisions of margin.—Crenate.         -   Shape of apex.—Acute.         -   Leaf length/width ratio.—2.29.         -   Leaf petiole length.—23.1 mm.         -   Leaf petiole thickness.—1.0 mm.         -   Presence of wings.—Absent.         -   Leaf arrangement.—Alternate.         -   Venation pattern.—Pinnate.         -   Leaf margins.—Crenate.         -   Texture of leaf.—Smooth.         -   Length and color of stipules, if present.—Absent. -   Flower:     -   -   Flower calyx diameter.—3.6 mm.         -   Flower petal length.—15.2 mm.         -   Flower petal width.—6.1 mm.         -   Flower petal length/width ratio.—2.5.         -   Flower stamen length.—8.0 mm.         -   Flower anther color.—Light yellow.         -   Flower.—Pollen absent.         -   Flower diameter.—About 2.0 cm to about 2.5 cm when fully             opened.         -   Petal length.—About 15.2 mm.         -   Petal width.—About 6.1 mm.         -   Petal texture and margin.—Smooth.         -   Fragrance flower.—Absent.         -   Bud shape.—Elongated cone.         -   Bud size.—About 6 mm to about 9 mm in diameter.         -   Average number of flowers per panicle.—No panicle in this             cultivar.         -   Style length.—About 14.4 mm to about 16.7 mm.         -   Ovary shape.—Short oval.         -   Stamen number.—About 16 to about 20, with complete style             development.         -   Stamen length.—About 7.0 mm to about 9.3 mm.         -   Anther color.—Light yellow (RHS Yellow-Orange 15C).         -   Pedicle length.—1.1 cm.         -   Pedicule color.—RHS Yellow-Green Group 144M. In Jeju-do,             Korea, the time for the first bloom is approximately March             15th, the end of bloom is approximately April 20th. -   Fruit:     -   -   Fruit weight.—168.9 g.         -   Fruit length.—65.6 mm.         -   Fruit width.—70.7 mm.         -   Fruit length/width ratio.—0.93.         -   Fruit neck.—Absent.         -   Fruit areola.—Absent.         -   Fruit surface color.—Medium orange.         -   Fruit surface roughness.—Rough.         -   Fruit fresh color.—Light orange.         -   Fruit skin thickness.—2.3 mm.         -   Fruit skin strength.—Medium.         -   Fruit flesh rate.—79.9%.         -   Fruit number of seeds.—10.8.         -   Fruit sugar acid ratio.—12.46.         -   Fruit juice total soluble solids.—14.6° Bx.         -   Fruit juice acidity.—1.17.         -   Mature stage.—Very early.         -   Parthenocarpy.—Present.         -   Self-incompatibility.—Present.         -   Tree vigor.—Strong.         -   Pollinator.—Not required.         -   Parthenocarpy trait.—Present.         -   Productivity of fruit.—About 2500 kg/10 acre to about 3000             kg/10 acre.         -   Market use of the fruit of the observed plant.—Fresh fruit.         -   Other fruit features.—‘Tamdori’ is intermediate resistant to             citrus scab disease, citrus canker and melanose. For the             very early mature stage, ‘Tamdori’ should be protected when             cultured. Since the fruit would be matured in mid-February             of the second year, and the cold season may reduce the             quality of the fruit if the fruit is planted in open field,             ‘Tamdori’ needs to be planted under protected environment.             Pruning on ‘Tamdori’ is the same as other variety which             belongs to Citrus reticulata Blanco. Fruit and plant are             damaged when the temperature is below −7° C.

Table 5. Descriptive comparison between ‘Tamdori’ and another known Citrus reticulate cultivar ‘Setoka’ (not patented).

TABLE 5 Descriptive comparison between ‘Tamdori’ and another known Citrus reticulate cultivar ‘Setoka’ (not patented). Variety Harvest Shape Sugar degree Acidity/ Fruit Denomination time Index (″BX) % weight/g Setoka Early-Late 129.6 13 1.0 200 February Tamdori Mid-late 108 14.6 1.17 168.9 February

Table 6. Characteristic and observed dates of first and last pick in the specified location of culture as observed in Jeju-do, Korea.

TABLE 6 Characteristic and observed dates of first and last pick in the specified location of culture as observed in Jeju-do, Korea. Pericap Fruit Flesh Shape thickness/ Time weight/g rate/% Index mm 11.02.07 130.3 84.9 123 1.5 11.02.21 154.3 82.7 121 2.0 11.03.08 186.5 74.7 121 3.1 11.03.29 158.6 79.5 114 3.0 12.01.05 124.0 87.0 139 1.2 12.01.20 144.0 85.7 135 1.6 12.02.06 147.4 84.8 145 1.7 12.02.20 135.2 84.0 128 1.5 13.01.22 175.3 84.6 116 2.1 13.02.12 168.9 79.9 108 2.3 13.02.25 170.1 79.5 114 2.4 Sugar Acid- Seed degree Acidity/ sugar Time number (″Bx) % ratio 11.02.07 0.0 14.4 1.34 10.71 11.02.21 6.8 14.9 1.04 15.24 11.03.08 3.6 14.9 0.87 17.74 11.03.29 1.5 16.1 0.78 20.85 12.01.05 5.0 13.1 1.14 11.55 12.01.20 0.8 13.9 0.99 14.31 12.02.06 3.8 13.5 0.81 16.64 12.02.20 8.8 15.1 0.65 23.13 13.01.22 11.8 13.9 1.19 11.68 13.02.12 10.8 14.6 1.17 12.46 13.02.25 13.8 14.9 0.83 18.09

Regarding the observed plant's drought/heat tolerance, although the variety has not been tested for drought and heat resistance, it can grow at a temperature of about 40° C., and without irrigation for about 45 days does not have much effect on the growth of the variety. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A new and distinct cultivar of Citrus reticulate Blanco plant named ‘Tamdori’ as herein illustrated and described. 